Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a vital biological process in which plants make their own food. They combine Water and Carbon dioxide to make Glucose and Oxygen in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight. 

How does it happen? 

First of all, plants need water. They have roots that suck in water and nutrients from the soil. Plants have two distinct type of vessels that run through the stem - xylem and phloem. The roots end their collected water to the xylem which transports it to the leaves. 

After this plant need Carbon dioxide. They have tiny microscopic pores on their leaves called stomata. These are surrounded by guard cells that open and close to take in air. 

Is that enough? Well, No. Plants need sunlight to process their food. To absorb it they have special pigments called chlorophyll. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs energy from blue- and red-light waves, and reflects green-light waves, making the plant appear green.

Then an endothermic reaction takes place within the leaves which produces glucose and oxygen along with energy. The glucose is the plant's food which is stored in some parts of the plant as starch. Some part of it is transported through the phloem to all the parts of the plant and used in growth and repair of body tissues. 

Plants release the life saving oxygen that all humans and animals use to respire. So we should be thankful to our leafy friends for maintaining the balance of Carbon dioxide and Oxygen in the air for our survival.